3 May 2008

Afghanistan - a general overview

http://docs.google.com/EmbedSlideshow?docid=dr293zn_8dqmdf2g4

As I have been told that the powerpoint was freezing some computers, I think it is better to have the link.

And thanks for the idea, Luis ;) I did not really think about this!

EDIT:
The first part about the Historical Overview was presented by Joana;
The second part about the Taliban Regime was presented by Pedro;
The third part about Religion was presented by Sandra;
The fourth part about the Afghan Way of Life was presented by Paula

1 May 2008

Historical Overview

1933-1973 – Reign of king Zahir Shah

1973 – a military coup overthrew the monarchy and established Afghanistan as a republic

For six years, Mohammad Daoud Khan was President of Afghanistan

1978 – another coup brings People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) to power
The traditionalist Islamist rebels known as mujahideen led an armed resistance against the new regime.

1979 – The Soviet Army enters Afghanistan, beginning an occupation that would last a decade. The Soviet Union’s military intervention aimed to protect its interests in the region by helping the PDPA government to control the widespread opposition.

1989 – Soviet troops withdrew
In the years following Soviet withdrawal, there was a great deal of infighting among rival militias, making everyday life in Afghanistan unsafe

1992 – The PDPA government falls, after a civil war that opposed the mujahideen to the government

1992 -1996 – The civil war continued among the various mujahideen factions that failed to agree on sharing power

The effects of the war on Afghanistan were devastating. Half of the population was displaced inside the country, forced to migrate outside the country, wounded, or killed. About 3 million war refugees fled to Pakistan and about 1.5 million fled to Iran. Estimates of combat fatalities range between 700,000 and 1.3 million people.

In The Kite Runner, Rahim Khan describes the fear in Kabul during the civil war:
"The infighting between the factions was fierce and no one knew if they would live to see the end of the day. Our ears became accustomed to the rumble of gunfire, our eyes familiar with the sight of men digging bodies out of piles of rubble. Kabul in those days, Amir jan, was as close as you could get to that proverbial hell on earth." (p.196)
"... We all celebrated in 1996 when the Taliban rolled in and put an end to the daily fighting." (p.197)

1996 – The Islamic fundamentalist movement known as the taliban captured the capital Kabul and established a brutal regime

2001 – The United States invaded Afghanistan and overthrew the Taliban.

2004 – A new constitution is adopted. General elections were held in October to choose Afghanistan’s first directly elected president.
Sources: